Why Transitions Are Hard – and How ABA Can Help

Transitions are a part of everyday life – moving from breakfast to brushing teeth, finishing one task to start another, or shifting from playtime to bedtime. For many children, especially those with autism or developmental delays, transitions can be a major source of stress and challenging behaviour. But why are transitions so difficult, and how can Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) support smoother, more successful shifts throughout the day?

Why Are Transitions Difficult?

Transitions can be hard for several reasons. Some children struggle with changes in routine, even if those changes happen every day. Others may not understand what’s coming next or why they need to stop a preferred activity. For example, being asked to pack away toys and get ready for school might feel sudden or confusing, triggering resistance or distress.

For some children, transitions are difficult because they involve ending something fun (like screen time) and starting something less enjoyable (like getting dressed). In other cases, language delays or processing difficulties can make it harder to understand verbal instructions or expectations.

Understanding the function of a child’s behaviour during transitions is key. Are they trying to avoid a task? Are they seeking attention? Are they overwhelmed? Once we know the "why," we can tailor the right strategies.

How ABA Can Help

ABA offers structured, evidence-based tools to help children cope with transitions more effectively. Here are some of the most common and effective supports:

1. Visual Supports

Visual schedules, "first-then" boards, and countdown timers give children a clear and predictable sense of what’s happening and what’s coming next. This can help them prepare and be ready for a change in activity.

2. Clear Expectations and Warnings

ABA therapists often use consistent cues or transition warnings like “Two more minutes, then pack away” to prepare a child. Predictable routines and language can significantly reduce transition-related behaviours.

3. Reinforcement

Reinforcing smooth transitions encourages children to use appropriate behaviours instead of challenging ones. This might include praise, tokens, or access to a preferred activity after a successful transition.

4. Teaching Transition Skills

Transitioning is a skill that can be taught like any other. ABA uses techniques like task analysis, prompting, and modelling to teach children how to stop an activity, clean up, and move to the next task calmly.

5. Individualisation

No two children are the same. ABA programs are personalised to each child’s needs, triggers, and motivators. Transition strategies are developed based on data, observations, and ongoing evaluation.

Final Thoughts

Transitions are tough, but they don’t have to stay that way. With the right support and consistent strategies, children may

learn to manage transitions with confidence. ABA provides a clear, practical framework for understanding a child’s challenges and helping them succeed. Whether it’s between home and school, one activity to the next, or even bedtime routines, ABA offers tools that can make life smoother for the whole family.

If you’re seeing frequent meltdowns or struggles around transitions, consider reaching out to a behaviour professional to learn how these strategies can be tailored to your child’s unique needs.